Unix and Linux Tips: Maret 2010

Rabu, 31 Maret 2010

Unix Tip: MAPPING MAN

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Unix Tip 2976 - March 31, 2010

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MAPPING MAN

In Solaris, indexing the man pages:

1. Set your MANPATH variable to include all your man pages to be indexed:

Eg. #> MANPATH=/usr/man:/usr/dt/man:/opt/VRTSvxvm/man; export MANPATH

2. Use catman command to index the man pages:

#> catman -w

Now you can use 'whatis' command to know what a command does and 'man -k' commands to search for a keyword in man pages.

This tip generously supported by: MohanGullipalli@firstusa.com

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Selasa, 30 Maret 2010

Unix Tip: FOLDING LINUX LINES

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Unix Tip 2975 - March 30, 2010

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FOLDING LINUX LINES

If files have long lines and you want wrap those lines at 80 columns. Then you can use the fold command:

$fold my_file

See man for more options.

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Senin, 29 Maret 2010

Unix Tip: FINDING MORE LARGE FILES

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Unix Tip 2974 - March 29, 2010

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FINDING MORE LARGE FILES

To find out the large files on a file system.

find / -xdev -size +1024 -exec ls -al {} \; | sort -r -k 5

Suported by : tb.unnikrishnan@citicorp.com

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Minggu, 28 Maret 2010

Unix Tip: MORE SUN INFO

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Unix Tip 2973 - March 28, 2010

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MORE SUN INFO

Ever wanted to know how many power supplies your enterprise server has ??

Use prtdiag -v, its located in /usr/lpatform/`uname -i`/sbin directory.

It also provides more information about your solaris server including number processors, their temp. running clock speed etc.

The arich. of your system, enterprise server type and lot more info is displayed....

Just give it a try.

Thanx
Manish.

This tip generously supported by: mct5030@yahoo.com

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Unix Tip: MORE SUN INFO

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Unix Tip 2973 - March 28, 2010

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MORE SUN INFO

Ever wanted to know how many power supplies your enterprise server has ??

Use prtdiag -v, its located in /usr/lpatform/`uname -i`/sbin directory.

It also provides more information about your solaris server including number processors, their temp. running clock speed etc.

The arich. of your system, enterprise server type and lot more info is displayed....

Just give it a try.

Thanx Manish.

This tip generously supported by: mct5030@yahoo.com

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Sabtu, 27 Maret 2010

Unix Tip: LINE NUMBERS IN LINUX

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Unix Tip 2972 - March 27, 2010

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LINE NUMBERS IN LINUX

If you want a file with line numbers (say for printing). You can use the "nl" command in linux.

$ nl file.c > file.c.num

See man for more options. Normally nl gives line numbers only for non blank lines.

To force it to give it to all lines use -ba option:

$ nl -ba file.c >file.c.all_num

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Unix Tip: LINE NUMBERS IN LINUX

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Unix Tip 2972 - March 27, 2010

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LINE NUMBERS IN LINUX

If you want a file with line numbers (say for printing). You can use the "nl" command in linux.

$ nl file.c > file.c.num

See man for more options. Normally nl gives line numbers only for non blank lines.

To force it to give it to all lines use -ba option:

$ nl -ba file.c >file.c.all_num

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Jumat, 26 Maret 2010

Unix Tip: CONVERTING UNIX MAN PAGES

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Unix Tip 2971 - March 26, 2010

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CONVERTING UNIX MAN PAGES

(Another approach)

To convert Unix Man pages to text format, you can make use of one feature of 'man' itself. (check out man man)

Set environment variable PAGER to 'cat'. Then run:

'man command_name > command_name.txt'

eg. in csh, to see man ls in a text file
setenv PAGER cat man ls > ls.txt

NOTE: Do not forget to unsetenv PAGER, else you will have to pipe every man command to 'more' or (my favourite) 'less'.

This tip generously supported by: amar_san@yahoo.com

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Kamis, 25 Maret 2010

Unix Tip: MOUNTING AN UPPER CASE CD

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Unix Tip 2970 - March 25, 2010

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MOUNTING AN UPPER CASE CD

To mount a cd on Linux to
keep upper charaters use:

# mount -t iso9660 -o map=o /dev/"cdrom" /your/mountpoint

This tip generously supported by: sehtowe@hygiene.sca.se

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Rabu, 24 Maret 2010

Unix Tip: ANOTHER GET YOUR IP ADDRESS

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Unix Tip 2969 - March 24, 2010

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ANOTHER GET YOUR IP ADDRESS

A previous tip listed how to get the IP address for your system using the output from ifconfig. However the output from ifconfig is different across systems.

For Solaris use:

ifconfig -a | grep "inet" | grep -v "127.0.0.1" | awk '{print $2;}'

For HP-UX use:

ifconfig foo | grep "inet" | awk '{print $2;}'

Where foo is the interface, generally lan0, lan1 etc.

This tip generously supported by: gromano@staterail.nsw.gov.au

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Selasa, 23 Maret 2010

Unix Tip: WATCH THOSE VENDORS

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Unix Tip 2968 - March 23, 2010

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WATCH THOSE VENDORS

Need to monitor what a vendor
is doing when they access your command line? Don't have access to programs such as peek? Use the unix command script.

Into the vendors .profile or .login build a line that states script <filename> i.e. script vendorlog, you may place it in a secure directory if you wish by entering the full pathname of the file.

Now when the vendor logs in, the file will show you what commands they entered. If you want to monitor in real time, simply use
tail -f <filename> to see the characters as they are typed.
The vendor will see an output of script started, but it's your machine, you make the rules regarding access.

Remember that you normally enter exit on your terminal window to stop logging to a file. This means if the vendor types exit,
the script command stops. Also, running the script again with the same file name will overwrite what was previously logged unless you use script -a. See man page for additional information.

This tip generously supported by:
mike.hammernik@msg.ameritech.com

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Senin, 22 Maret 2010

Unix Tip: SHELL PROMPT CONTROL

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Unix Tip 2967 - March 22, 2010

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SHELL PROMPT CONTROL

Shell prompts to identify system and logged in users.

The entries can be made in the /etc/profiles file that TELNET and interactive terminal logins use.

If your SHELL=/bin/sh
#for example SOLARIS

PS1="`hostname1{$LOGNAME} "

If your SHELL=/bin/bash
# for example Linux

PS1='\h:\w\$ '

If your SHELL=/bin/zsh

PS1="%m"%~%# "

The details of environment variable assignments are usually documented in the man pages for the shell being used.

You may wish to test the substitutions by spawning a subshell (issuing the sh, bash, zsh, ksh, ash or other shell command), then perform the environment variable substitution assignments and see what happens. When you are satisfied with the results, then place appropriate entries in the /etc/profile or startup script for your favorite shell program.

This tip generously supported by: Steven.J.Hathaway@state.or.us

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Minggu, 21 Maret 2010

Unix Tip: SOLARIS PROCESSOR COUNT

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Unix Tip 2966 - March 21, 2010

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SOLARIS PROCESSOR COUNT

Ever needed to know how many processors you have and what speed their running at on your Solaris system?

Just run the command "prtdiag" from the directory /usr/platform/sun4u/sbin. Add a "-v" for even more info about power supply and power/cpu fans.

This tip generously supported by: litz2@home.com

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Jumat, 19 Maret 2010

Unix Tip: CHECKI FOR FULL FILESYSTEMS

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Unix Tip 2964 - March 19, 2010

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CHECKI FOR FULL FILESYSTEMS

Many times we have a file systems which is too full. To quickly find out which are the large files in there we could use:

find / -xdev -size +1024 -ls | sort -r +b

So we can clean up some files which have grown too big.

This tip generously supported by: vinit.adya@citicorp.com

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Kamis, 18 Maret 2010

Unix Tip: SUPPLIMENT: DAYLIGHT SAVINGS TIME

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Unix Tip 2963 - March 18, 2010

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SUPPLIMENT: DAYLIGHT SAVINGS TIME

Daylight savings is about to strike in some parts of the U.S.:

http://webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/b.html

Remember to check any and all cron jobs that may run between 2am and 3am.

The day after the time on remote systems can be verified quickly by using telnet to port 13 :

telnet [host] 13

Good Luck!

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Rabu, 17 Maret 2010

Unix Tip: ADJUSTING FILES TIMES

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Unix Tip 2962 - March 17, 2010

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ADJUSTING FILES TIMES

To Make a file look older.

Use touch -t option to change the time stamp of a file syntax is:

touch -t ccyymmddhhMMSS filename

You can manipulate the timings of your files using this option.

This tip generously supported by: deepak.singla@ehpt.com

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Senin, 15 Maret 2010

Unix Tip: SOLARIS CDE TOOL VERSIONS

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Unix Tip 2960 - March 15, 2010

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SOLARIS CDE TOOL VERSIONS

Under Solaris, the exect version of CDE that a tool is built with can be seen using "mcs -p" which will print the comment section of the tool.

ie:
bash-2.03$ /usr/ccs/bin/mcs -p dtfile

dtfile:

"@(#)CDEVersion1.3.2":sparc:25Jan99-09:21:53

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Jumat, 12 Maret 2010

Unix Tip: QUICKLY FINDING SUN MEMORY

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Unix Tip 2957 - March 12, 2010

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QUICKLY FINDING SUN MEMORY

To quickly find the amount of RAM a Sun Machine has:

prtconf | grep Mem

This tip generously supported by: svijay@cadence.com

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Senin, 08 Maret 2010

Unix Tip: IDENTIFY A PROCESSES

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Unix Tip 2953 - March 8, 2010

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IDENTIFY A PROCESSES

The command fuser is very handy when you want to know which processes or users have a file open. Its basic syntax is:

/etc/fuser -u /usr/my_application/foo

You must enter the file's full path name, as shown above.

The fuser command is located under the /etc directory on HP-UX, AIX and SCO flavors. You must login as root to use it.

Its output is a raw list of processes id numbers and users login names.

Please refer to your Unix man pages to find more about this useful command.

This tip generously supported by: tinaco110@hotmail.com

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Jumat, 05 Maret 2010

Unix Tip: DIR ALIAS REPRISE

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Unix Tip 2950 - March 5, 2010

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DIR ALIAS REPRISE

The following alias will list just the directories in a directory and not other ordinary files. It will list a directory as a directory even if the directory is a symbolic link.

alias dir='ls -Lla|grep ^d'

Without the capital "L" in this alias the alias will not list directories that are symbolic links.

This tip generously supported by: eric_furman@hotmail.com

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Kamis, 04 Maret 2010

Unix Tip: ANOTHER DOS ^M Solution FOR SCO

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Unix Tip 2949 - March 4, 2010

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ANOTHER DOS ^M Solution FOR SCO

If you deal with DOS files and the "^M" character always appears at the end of the line, here is a command provide in SCO-UNIX.

dtox -- change file format from MS-DOS to UNIX

>From a Unix shell use the command:

dtox filename > output.file

Other flavers have similar commands:
dos2unix or to_unix

Check your man pages ont he flavor you use.If you have whatis set up. Use a

man -k dos

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Rabu, 03 Maret 2010

Unix Tip: DEALING WITH TOO MANY FILES

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Unix Tip 2948 - March 3, 2010

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DEALING WITH TOO MANY FILES

In case there are too many files in a particular directory and you try doing

$ grep "ABC" *

And it fails saying
ksh: /usr/bin/find: 0403-027 The parameter list is too long.

what would you do?

Well you can do the following:

$ls |xargs grep "ABC"

This tip generously supported by: puneeta@delhi.tcs.co.in

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Selasa, 02 Maret 2010

Unix Tip: GET YOUR IP-ADDRESS

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Unix Tip 2947 - March 2, 2010

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GET YOUR IP-ADDRESS

Type this simple command at the unix-prompt

ifconfig | grep "inet addr" | grep -v "127.0.0.1" | awk '{print $2;}' | awk -F':' '{print $2;}'

This tip generously supported by: sgrover@delsoft.com

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Senin, 01 Maret 2010

Unix Tip: BACKUP INDEX LOCATIONS

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Unix Tip 2946 - March 1, 2010

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BACKUP INDEX LOCATIONS

Couple words on your backups index.

1) When doing backups on your systems make sure that your backup indexes are not stored on the same disks that you may need to recover files from. If you loose the disk that the files are on then you still have your backups safe. If you loose the disks with your backup indexes, your files are still okay and the users will be able to work. You can then spend the day scanning your indexes from tape.

2) Make sure that you backup your indexes occasionally using tar, dump, cpio or something else other than your normal backup software.

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