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UNIX GURU UNIVERSE
UNIX HOT TIP
Unix Tip 3583 - November 30, 2012
http://www.ugu.com/sui/ugu/show?tip.today
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WHERE ARE THOSE PARENTHESES?
Do you ever lose your way in multiple levels of parentheses
or braces? If you program in Perl or C, you know what I
mean. Let the vi "%" command help you. Move the cursor to
a parenthesis or brace and type %. vi will move the
cursor to the corresponding character. Hit % again and vi
will return to the original parenthesis or brace.
For extra power, issue "/{" to find the first open brace.
Hit "%" twice to find the corresponding brace and return.
Hit "n" to find the next open brace. This allows you to
zip through the file checking your program structure.
It makes you feel sorry for Windows-based editors!
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==========================================================================
DISCLAIMER: All UNIX HOT TIPS ARE OWNED BY THE UNIX GURU UNIVERSE AND ARE
NOT TO BE SOLD, PRINTED OR USED WITHOUT THE WRITTEN CONSENT OF THE UNIX
GURU UNIVERSE. ALL TIPS ARE "USE AT YOUR OWN RISK". UGU ADVISES THAT
ALL TIPS BE TESTED IN A NON-PRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT FIRST.
Unix Guru Universe - www.ugu.com - tips@ugu.com - Copyright 1994-2001
==========================================================================
Jumat, 30 November 2012
Kamis, 29 November 2012
Unix Tip: GREP TEXT NOT BINARY
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UNIX GURU UNIVERSE
UNIX HOT TIP
Unix Tip 3582 - November 29, 2012
http://www.ugu.com/sui/ugu/show?tip.today
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
GREP TEXT NOT BINARY
In some directories such as /etc you have a mix of file types.
You may want to grep out a string from one of the files but
don't want to worry about the binaries, data, etc. To accomplish
this, searching only text files do this:
grep <string> `file * | egrep 'script|text' | awk -F: '{print $1}'`
This tip generously supported by: Richard.place-eds@eds.com
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==========================================================================
DISCLAIMER: All UNIX HOT TIPS ARE OWNED BY THE UNIX GURU UNIVERSE AND ARE
NOT TO BE SOLD, PRINTED OR USED WITHOUT THE WRITTEN CONSENT OF THE UNIX
GURU UNIVERSE. ALL TIPS ARE "USE AT YOUR OWN RISK". UGU ADVISES THAT
ALL TIPS BE TESTED IN A NON-PRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT FIRST.
Unix Guru Universe - www.ugu.com - tips@ugu.com - Copyright 1994-2001
==========================================================================
UNIX GURU UNIVERSE
UNIX HOT TIP
Unix Tip 3582 - November 29, 2012
http://www.ugu.com/sui/ugu/show?tip.today
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
GREP TEXT NOT BINARY
In some directories such as /etc you have a mix of file types.
You may want to grep out a string from one of the files but
don't want to worry about the binaries, data, etc. To accomplish
this, searching only text files do this:
grep <string> `file * | egrep 'script|text' | awk -F: '{print $1}'`
This tip generously supported by: Richard.place-eds@eds.com
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
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==========================================================================
DISCLAIMER: All UNIX HOT TIPS ARE OWNED BY THE UNIX GURU UNIVERSE AND ARE
NOT TO BE SOLD, PRINTED OR USED WITHOUT THE WRITTEN CONSENT OF THE UNIX
GURU UNIVERSE. ALL TIPS ARE "USE AT YOUR OWN RISK". UGU ADVISES THAT
ALL TIPS BE TESTED IN A NON-PRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT FIRST.
Unix Guru Universe - www.ugu.com - tips@ugu.com - Copyright 1994-2001
==========================================================================
Rabu, 28 November 2012
Unix Tip: GET THE HIDDEN FILES
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UNIX GURU UNIVERSE
UNIX HOT TIP
Unix Tip 3581 - November 28, 2012
http://www.ugu.com/sui/ugu/show?tip.today
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
GET THE HIDDEN FILES
A safe way of grabbing all "hidden" files is to use '.??*'
rather than '.*' since this will only match 3 or more
characters. Admittedly, this will miss any hidden files
that are only a single character after the ., but it
will always miss '.' & '..', which is probably more
important...
This tip generously supported by: leopard@midwinter.com
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==========================================================================
DISCLAIMER: All UNIX HOT TIPS ARE OWNED BY THE UNIX GURU UNIVERSE AND ARE
NOT TO BE SOLD, PRINTED OR USED WITHOUT THE WRITTEN CONSENT OF THE UNIX
GURU UNIVERSE. ALL TIPS ARE "USE AT YOUR OWN RISK". UGU ADVISES THAT
ALL TIPS BE TESTED IN A NON-PRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT FIRST.
Unix Guru Universe - www.ugu.com - tips@ugu.com - Copyright 1994-2001
==========================================================================
UNIX GURU UNIVERSE
UNIX HOT TIP
Unix Tip 3581 - November 28, 2012
http://www.ugu.com/sui/ugu/show?tip.today
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
GET THE HIDDEN FILES
A safe way of grabbing all "hidden" files is to use '.??*'
rather than '.*' since this will only match 3 or more
characters. Admittedly, this will miss any hidden files
that are only a single character after the ., but it
will always miss '.' & '..', which is probably more
important...
This tip generously supported by: leopard@midwinter.com
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
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To Unsubscribe: http://www.ugu.com/sui/ugu/show?tip.unsubscribe
To Submit A Tip: http://www.ugu.com/sui/ugu/show?tip.today
==========================================================================
DISCLAIMER: All UNIX HOT TIPS ARE OWNED BY THE UNIX GURU UNIVERSE AND ARE
NOT TO BE SOLD, PRINTED OR USED WITHOUT THE WRITTEN CONSENT OF THE UNIX
GURU UNIVERSE. ALL TIPS ARE "USE AT YOUR OWN RISK". UGU ADVISES THAT
ALL TIPS BE TESTED IN A NON-PRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT FIRST.
Unix Guru Universe - www.ugu.com - tips@ugu.com - Copyright 1994-2001
==========================================================================
Selasa, 27 November 2012
Unix Tip: FINDING A STRING
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UNIX GURU UNIVERSE
UNIX HOT TIP
Unix Tip 3580 - November 27, 2012
http://www.ugu.com/sui/ugu/show?tip.today
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
FINDING A STRING
How to find a string somewhere on the system. Many times we are
called to search for a string, but we have no idea where it may
be lurking. Judicious use of the find and grep commands will
make you a hero with your co-workers.
# find . -type f -exec grep "string or options" /dev/null {} \;
Normally using only:
# find . -type f -exec grep "string/options" {} \;
Produces the target string, but you will have no clue as to where
it is located, making this almost as frustrating as using windoze!
Remember when grep'ing against multiple files the filename will be
listed before the match.
$ grep there *
foo:I found the target here
bar:You are there
In our find command we use /dev/null as a file to search against, since
we know the search will always fail if the string is found in "{}" there
filename is printed. To borrow from a famous quote:
"Pretty tricky sis!"
This tip generously supported by: james_b_horwath@glic.com
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==========================================================================
DISCLAIMER: All UNIX HOT TIPS ARE OWNED BY THE UNIX GURU UNIVERSE AND ARE
NOT TO BE SOLD, PRINTED OR USED WITHOUT THE WRITTEN CONSENT OF THE UNIX
GURU UNIVERSE. ALL TIPS ARE "USE AT YOUR OWN RISK". UGU ADVISES THAT
ALL TIPS BE TESTED IN A NON-PRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT FIRST.
Unix Guru Universe - www.ugu.com - tips@ugu.com - Copyright 1994-2001
==========================================================================
UNIX GURU UNIVERSE
UNIX HOT TIP
Unix Tip 3580 - November 27, 2012
http://www.ugu.com/sui/ugu/show?tip.today
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
FINDING A STRING
How to find a string somewhere on the system. Many times we are
called to search for a string, but we have no idea where it may
be lurking. Judicious use of the find and grep commands will
make you a hero with your co-workers.
# find . -type f -exec grep "string or options" /dev/null {} \;
Normally using only:
# find . -type f -exec grep "string/options" {} \;
Produces the target string, but you will have no clue as to where
it is located, making this almost as frustrating as using windoze!
Remember when grep'ing against multiple files the filename will be
listed before the match.
$ grep there *
foo:I found the target here
bar:You are there
In our find command we use /dev/null as a file to search against, since
we know the search will always fail if the string is found in "{}" there
filename is printed. To borrow from a famous quote:
"Pretty tricky sis!"
This tip generously supported by: james_b_horwath@glic.com
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
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To Submit A Tip: http://www.ugu.com/sui/ugu/show?tip.today
==========================================================================
DISCLAIMER: All UNIX HOT TIPS ARE OWNED BY THE UNIX GURU UNIVERSE AND ARE
NOT TO BE SOLD, PRINTED OR USED WITHOUT THE WRITTEN CONSENT OF THE UNIX
GURU UNIVERSE. ALL TIPS ARE "USE AT YOUR OWN RISK". UGU ADVISES THAT
ALL TIPS BE TESTED IN A NON-PRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT FIRST.
Unix Guru Universe - www.ugu.com - tips@ugu.com - Copyright 1994-2001
==========================================================================
Senin, 26 November 2012
Unix Tip: RANDOM LINES FROM A FILE
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UNIX GURU UNIVERSE
UNIX HOT TIP
Unix Tip 3579 - November 26, 2012
http://www.ugu.com/sui/ugu/show?tip.today
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
RANDOM LINES FROM A FILE
A easy way to retrieve random lines from a text file:
perl -e '$count = 10; @line = <>; for (1..$count) { print $line[int rand @line] }'
example:
% cat /etc/passwd | perl -e '$count = 10; @line = <>; for (1..$count) { print $line[int rand @line] }'
This tip generously supported by: abend@110.net
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==========================================================================
DISCLAIMER: All UNIX HOT TIPS ARE OWNED BY THE UNIX GURU UNIVERSE AND ARE
NOT TO BE SOLD, PRINTED OR USED WITHOUT THE WRITTEN CONSENT OF THE UNIX
GURU UNIVERSE. ALL TIPS ARE "USE AT YOUR OWN RISK". UGU ADVISES THAT
ALL TIPS BE TESTED IN A NON-PRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT FIRST.
Unix Guru Universe - www.ugu.com - tips@ugu.com - Copyright 1994-2001
==========================================================================
UNIX GURU UNIVERSE
UNIX HOT TIP
Unix Tip 3579 - November 26, 2012
http://www.ugu.com/sui/ugu/show?tip.today
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
RANDOM LINES FROM A FILE
A easy way to retrieve random lines from a text file:
perl -e '$count = 10; @line = <>; for (1..$count) { print $line[int rand @line] }'
example:
% cat /etc/passwd | perl -e '$count = 10; @line = <>; for (1..$count) { print $line[int rand @line] }'
This tip generously supported by: abend@110.net
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==========================================================================
DISCLAIMER: All UNIX HOT TIPS ARE OWNED BY THE UNIX GURU UNIVERSE AND ARE
NOT TO BE SOLD, PRINTED OR USED WITHOUT THE WRITTEN CONSENT OF THE UNIX
GURU UNIVERSE. ALL TIPS ARE "USE AT YOUR OWN RISK". UGU ADVISES THAT
ALL TIPS BE TESTED IN A NON-PRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT FIRST.
Unix Guru Universe - www.ugu.com - tips@ugu.com - Copyright 1994-2001
==========================================================================
Minggu, 25 November 2012
Unix Tip: EXTRACT THAT LAST FIELD
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UNIX GURU UNIVERSE
UNIX HOT TIP
Unix Tip 3578 - November 25, 2012
http://www.ugu.com/sui/ugu/show?tip.today
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
EXTRACT THAT LAST FIELD
You can use 'cut' to extract the last field of a line if you know
how many fields there are, eg:
field=`cut -d: -f8 file`
But if you don't know the maximum number of fields or the number
of fields per line are not consistent, awk can come to the rescue.
awk has the inbuilt variable NF for the number of fields. By using
this variable we can use it to extract the last field by using:
field=`awk -F: '{print $NF}'`
or you can use calculations to retrieve any field relative to the last field.
For example to retrieve the second last field, use:
field=`awk -F: '{print $(NF-1)}'`
This tip generously supported by: peters@ginini.com.au
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==========================================================================
DISCLAIMER: All UNIX HOT TIPS ARE OWNED BY THE UNIX GURU UNIVERSE AND ARE
NOT TO BE SOLD, PRINTED OR USED WITHOUT THE WRITTEN CONSENT OF THE UNIX
GURU UNIVERSE. ALL TIPS ARE "USE AT YOUR OWN RISK". UGU ADVISES THAT
ALL TIPS BE TESTED IN A NON-PRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT FIRST.
Unix Guru Universe - www.ugu.com - tips@ugu.com - Copyright 1994-2001
==========================================================================
UNIX GURU UNIVERSE
UNIX HOT TIP
Unix Tip 3578 - November 25, 2012
http://www.ugu.com/sui/ugu/show?tip.today
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
EXTRACT THAT LAST FIELD
You can use 'cut' to extract the last field of a line if you know
how many fields there are, eg:
field=`cut -d: -f8 file`
But if you don't know the maximum number of fields or the number
of fields per line are not consistent, awk can come to the rescue.
awk has the inbuilt variable NF for the number of fields. By using
this variable we can use it to extract the last field by using:
field=`awk -F: '{print $NF}'`
or you can use calculations to retrieve any field relative to the last field.
For example to retrieve the second last field, use:
field=`awk -F: '{print $(NF-1)}'`
This tip generously supported by: peters@ginini.com.au
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
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==========================================================================
DISCLAIMER: All UNIX HOT TIPS ARE OWNED BY THE UNIX GURU UNIVERSE AND ARE
NOT TO BE SOLD, PRINTED OR USED WITHOUT THE WRITTEN CONSENT OF THE UNIX
GURU UNIVERSE. ALL TIPS ARE "USE AT YOUR OWN RISK". UGU ADVISES THAT
ALL TIPS BE TESTED IN A NON-PRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT FIRST.
Unix Guru Universe - www.ugu.com - tips@ugu.com - Copyright 1994-2001
==========================================================================
Sabtu, 24 November 2012
Unix Tip: FULL OF FILESYSTEM INODES
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
UNIX GURU UNIVERSE
UNIX HOT TIP
Unix Tip 3577 - November 24, 2012
http://www.ugu.com/sui/ugu/show?tip.today
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
FULL OF FILESYSTEM INODES
We recently had a problem where a file system had 100% inode usage.
Unfortunately there isn't an easy way to search for directories with
a lot of files in them (1 file = 1 inode). And if the files are small,
you can't rely on du to help you out.
Here is a find command that will print all the directories in the
current filesystem, with the number of files (inodes) in that directory.
find . -xdev -type d -exec /bin/echo -n {} \; -exec sh -c "ls {} | wc -l" \;
This tip generously supported by: rickb@cmhcsys.com
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==========================================================================
DISCLAIMER: All UNIX HOT TIPS ARE OWNED BY THE UNIX GURU UNIVERSE AND ARE
NOT TO BE SOLD, PRINTED OR USED WITHOUT THE WRITTEN CONSENT OF THE UNIX
GURU UNIVERSE. ALL TIPS ARE "USE AT YOUR OWN RISK". UGU ADVISES THAT
ALL TIPS BE TESTED IN A NON-PRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT FIRST.
Unix Guru Universe - www.ugu.com - tips@ugu.com - Copyright 1994-2001
==========================================================================
UNIX GURU UNIVERSE
UNIX HOT TIP
Unix Tip 3577 - November 24, 2012
http://www.ugu.com/sui/ugu/show?tip.today
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
FULL OF FILESYSTEM INODES
We recently had a problem where a file system had 100% inode usage.
Unfortunately there isn't an easy way to search for directories with
a lot of files in them (1 file = 1 inode). And if the files are small,
you can't rely on du to help you out.
Here is a find command that will print all the directories in the
current filesystem, with the number of files (inodes) in that directory.
find . -xdev -type d -exec /bin/echo -n {} \; -exec sh -c "ls {} | wc -l" \;
This tip generously supported by: rickb@cmhcsys.com
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
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==========================================================================
DISCLAIMER: All UNIX HOT TIPS ARE OWNED BY THE UNIX GURU UNIVERSE AND ARE
NOT TO BE SOLD, PRINTED OR USED WITHOUT THE WRITTEN CONSENT OF THE UNIX
GURU UNIVERSE. ALL TIPS ARE "USE AT YOUR OWN RISK". UGU ADVISES THAT
ALL TIPS BE TESTED IN A NON-PRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT FIRST.
Unix Guru Universe - www.ugu.com - tips@ugu.com - Copyright 1994-2001
==========================================================================
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